元立：邕江之得名
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">本文摘自元立：《壮族地名述略》，载《广西民族研究》1993（3）</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">_____________________________</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 18pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">据《汉书.地理志》记载，汉代广西有两条郁水，一条是从夜郎来的豚水</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">北盘江</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和谭封来的温水</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">南盘江</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">在郁林郡广郁县会合后而成的郁水，一条是以句盯文象水</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">驮娘江</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">为上源水流经郁林郡领方县的郁水。这南北二郁水在布山县会合成的郁水东流番禺入海。汉晋之际，桑钦写《水经》将南北二郁水串联起来称为温水。《旧唐书.地理志》说流经今南宁市的水道既叫“骇水”，也称为“温水”，俗又呼为“郁状江”，确实迷惑了许多人。其实这几个字都是“郁水”的近音译写字。朱骏声《说文通训定声》说，“《书.尧典》宅禺夷，今文</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">《尚书》</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">作禺夷，《史记》作郁夷，皆借字”①，说明古代汉语“禺”、“郁”音近，是为通假字。上文说及“禺”作为越语的音译字，读同“容”或“雄”，所以郁水也可写作“骇水”，因为古代“骇”同“灌”，与“雍”通假，如《尚书.无逸》“言乃雍”，《礼记.坊记》作“言乃灌”。《说文》</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">:</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">雍，读同昌，与古“郁”、“禺”二字读同“容”吻合。同时，上古温、郁都属影母</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">’</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">字，“温、郁，一声之转”②，音近，可以互相通假，所以“郁水”又音译作“温水”，读近“容”或“昌”，其壮语义为“大”。古“郁”字读作“，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">jong</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。”，急读为“昌”，缓读为“郁状”，犹如民国年间吴寿篙修《昭平县志》将壮语谓“鱼”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">(pla</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">’</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">和菜</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">(plak?)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">分别译作“壁拉”和“迫勒”一样，“郁状”的合音也、就近“昌”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">或容</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">之音。正是由于这样的缘故，所以后来流经南宁的郁江也就称为“岂江”。“岂江”其壮语原义就是“大江”。所以，清朝人写《广西通志辑要》就将流经南宁府的誉江意译作“大江”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">:</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“大江，即古郁水也。在府城西南，左右二江合流……又东经永淳县北，又东经横县东南，北入贵县界中。”好在岂江意译作“大江”没有得到世人的认可流行了，否则我们就难从昌江的“昌”追溯郁水的“郁”作为壮族地名的近音译字该读同“容”字音。不过，按壮族地名的结构方式，“大江”应读作“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">?jong.(</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">大</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">)ram(</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">水</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">”或“</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">ta6(</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">江</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">)?jong</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">大</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">”。“昌江”已经是个一半意译一半音译的地名，而且经过了汉语地名结构模式的规范</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">如不能追溯出“岂”是为音译字，那就如同汉语地名一样了。同时，汉代在广西设置的“郁林郡”原由“郁水”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">壮语谓“，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">jong</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">ram</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">”，音近郁林</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">得名早为世人遗忘</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">后来“郁林”又根据“郁林”地区的汉语方音写作“玉林”，原来壮族地名的踪影便难寻觅了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><p></p></span></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><br/>[此贴子已经被作者于2009-4-24 18:39:41编辑过] 由于是CNKI上复制，所以国际音标显示不出来，抱歉 <p>对,我们当地称"郁江"为"dah hung"(大江)."大"在贵县当地壮话有两词,一是"hung",二是"ngwnx",我怀疑"番禺"的"禺"在古代肯定是来自壮话的"ngwnx",不过<壮汉词汇>里已不见这个词了,郁闷.</p><p>对了,"大"除了上述两种说法,还有一词为"byox",<词汇>里也不见收录.</p> 上林方言中，yung也用来表示“大”。 资料好详实的，开了眼界，谢谢楼主贝侬。 很有启示，谢谢 <p><font size="4">前辈做学问非常细致,而且很博学又能基于本土.这点应该向他们学习呀.</font></p> 正是由于这样的缘故，所以后来流经南宁的郁江也就称为“邕江”。“邕江”其壮语原义就是“大江”。 汉代在广西设置的“郁林郡”原由“郁水”<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">壮语谓“，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">jong</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">ram</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">”，音近郁林</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">得名早为世人遗忘</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman';">后来“郁林”又根据“郁林”地区的汉语方音写作“玉林”，原来壮族地名的踪影便难寻觅了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;">
<p></p></span><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><p></p><br/>我认为，壮语先读“水”（<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">ram</font></span>），后读“郁”（<span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><font face="Times New Roman">jong</font></span>），合起来刚是“水郁”。 <p><font size="4">郁、邕、灪、玉、温等汉字在我家乡话的读音：</font></p><p><font size="4">郁 yoek</font></p><p><font size="4">邕 yoeng</font></p><p><font size="4">灪 voet</font></p><p><font size="4">温 voen</font></p><p><font size="4">玉 ngoeg[ηok8]</font></p><p><font size="4">在我家乡话里，郁、邕二字的发音部位很接近（粤语亦然）；灪、温二字的发音部位也很接近。</font></p><p><font size="4">广西玉林原名灪林，而郁江也曾写为鬰江或鬱江。</font></p><br/>
[此贴子已经被作者于2009-4-27 18:00:24编辑过] 我想知道蒲庙如何得名？蒲字读pu应该跟人有关。
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